Internal control system about credit operational risk of commercial banks aimed to ensure credit business sustained developing and control credit operational risk . it is summation of adoptive organizations , methods and procedures that it takes process of credit operation and management and operational activities as control object , standardizes credit operation and sets the risk control point in reason , uses all control factors . that commercial banks develop credit business must be based on established internal control system about credit operational risk 商业银行信贷业务风险内控制度是商业银行为了保障信贷业务的健康发展，控制信贷业务风险，以信贷经营管理过程和业务活动为控制客体，以规范信贷业务活动并在业务流程中合理设置风险控制点，综合运用各种控制要素所采用的组织、方法、程序的总和，商业银行开展信贷业务应该以建立信贷业务风险内控制度为前提。
Article 25 if any technology trading service agency has fraudulent and coercive behavior in operational activities , the municipal administrative department of science and technology and administrative department of industry and commerce shall , according to their respective functions and to the seriousness of the case , confiscate the agency ' s illicit gains , order it to make correction or to suspend business , to withhold temporarily or rescind its permit for technology trading service and impose fines of 1 to 3 times its illicit gains 第二十五条技术交易服务机构在业务活动中有欺骗、胁迫等行为的，由市科学技术行政部门和工商行政部门按照各自职责，根据情节轻重，没收其非法所得，责令改正、停业整顿、直至吊销其《技术交易服务许可证》和营业执照，并处以非法所得一至三倍的罚款。
Concession contract is a legislative document , in which governments grant exclusive rights to concessionaire and control the operational activities of it . the success of infrastructure concession projects depends on the designing of concession contracts . therefore , the study of concession contracts is of great theoretical and practical significance 特许权合约是政府对特许权人授予特许权和规制其经营活动的法律文件，特许权项目能否成功取决于特许权合约的设计，对特许权合约的研究具有重要的理论和实践意义。
The writer studied industry and civil building in university , have been engaged in building industry last ten years . i acted as an engineer , business manager , acted as vice - director in development department of huashi . i combine with my career , expect that the analysis done in this article should help huashi to guide its operational activities so that it developed powerful corporation step by step in the stern competitive market 笔者所学专业为工民建，从事建筑业十余年，曾担任过专业工长、项目经理，在华西集团企业发展部任职，结合本人的工作经历，期望通过本文的分析与探讨，提出的企业发展战略及对策，有助于指导华西集团的经营活动，使华西集团在激烈的市场竞争中做强做大，健康顺利地发展。
However , the traditional technologies for supply chain management are mostly focusing on solving local problems , lacking the abilities of exploring supply chain inter - relationship systematically , analyzing and extracting the general characters in supply chain management , detecting key problems in process and coordinating the operational activities among supply chain partners 但传统的供应链技术大多着眼于解决供应链的局部问题，缺乏从系统的角度出发，研究供应链中的内部成员关系，分析、抽取供应链中的共性，发掘供应链运作中的关键问题，协调供应链成员间的运作行为。
